The bacteria are microscopic in nature and are visible only under compound microscope. Student activity 1 study the chart below of different fish body shapes and tail shapes. Microscopic morphology and staining of individual bacteria. Bacteria can have one or more flagella arranged in clumps or spread all over. It would take about 1,000 bacteria, one m in length, placed endtoend to equal one millimeter, which is about the width of a pencil line. Medical laboratory scientist mls are professional covering all aspect of laboratory including chemical and clinical chemistry, blood banking and hematological parameters, immunologic and serological, cytopathology and histopathological, microbiology and bacteriology, biochemical testing, body fluids such as blood, urine, csf, stool, sputum, peritoneal, pericardial and synovial fluids. They lack rigid cell wall, they are viable, grow and multiply on suitable culture media. Eukaryote cell difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Introduction to bacteria morphology and classification most bacteria singular, bacterium are very small, on the order of a few micrometers m 106 meters in length. Bacterial colony morphology and identification of bacteria. They have cell walls composed of peptidoglycan and reproduce by binary fission. This is because of the lack of contrast coupled with the small size. Bacterial species are usually subgrouped to different types and is used for many crucial pathogenic bacteria such as salmonellae, e coli, and vibriones 1. Microscopic slides endospores a stained preparation of bacillus subtilis showing endospores as uncoloured and the vegetative cell as.
Jan 05, 2020 these are round or oval bacteria measuring about 0. Bacterial morphology is ultimately dictated by the net like peptidoglycan pg sacculus. Although the characteristic shape of a bacterial species remains unchanged for vast numbers of generations. Bacterial cell morphology, staining reactions, classification of bacteria. To assess the impact of the solid media composition on colony morphology features, bacteria were serially diluted and plated on different solid media in air conditions, including tsa 15 gl, liofilchem, pseudomonas isolation agar pia, 45 gl, fluka and cetrimide cet, 45. Here are your useful notes on the morphology of bacteria. Introduction to bacteria morphology and classification. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Cyanobacteria are among the easiest microfossils to recognize. Cover different classification schemes for grouping bacteria, especially the use of the gram stain 2. Improvements on colony morphology identification towards. Aug 26, 2017 morphology of bacterial cell deals with study of.
Pdf morphology and classification of bacteria find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Bacteria classification by morphology, biochemistry, and. Outside, and closely covering this, lies the rigid, supporting cell wall. Answer the following questions selecting fish from the pictures above. Colony morphology is one among the various characters of bacteria, which is also unique to a particular genus of bacteria that could be instrumental in preliminary identification. They are soft protoplasmic bodies, spherical or disklike. Automation of bacteria identification is required because there might be a shortage of skilled microbiologists and clinicians at a time of great need. Virus is a smallest infectious particle, unicellular, obligate intracellular parasite. Introduction to viruses classification, morphology and structure, replication and pathogenicity classification of viruses morphology and structure naked viruses non enveloped. When multiplying, cocci may form pairs, chains, or irregular groups. Bacteria morphology questions and answers pdf free download in microbiology mcqs,interview questions,objective questions,multiple choice. Useful notes on the morphology of bacteria discussion. Bacteria definition, shapes, characteristics, types. Bacterial cell morphology, staining reactions, classification of bacteria the protoplast is bounded peripherally has a very thin, elastic and semipermeable cytoplasmic membrane a conventional phospholipid bilayer.
Microbes in action this material may be duplicated by teachers for use in the classroom. The o antigen distinguishes serotypes stains of a bacterial species e. The discussion of bacterial morphology has been dominated by questions about how a cell manages to create a rod shape, which, of course, is but one example of the more general question of how a cell constructs any shape. Learn quiz microbiology bacterial morphology with free interactive flashcards. Characters of viruses size of viruses shape of viruses structure of viruses it consist of capsid, nucleic acid and envelop. Many bacteria can be classified into one of two types. These are round or oval bacteria measuring about 0. The term colony morphology refers to the visible characteristics of a colony. Most bacteria singular, bacterium are very small, on the order of a few micrometers m 106.
This exercise will help you identify the cultural characteristics of a bacterium on an agar plate called colony morphology. Snehal patel, assistant professor, sumandeep vidyapeeth, vadodara, gujarat, india. Bacteria bacteria classification by morphology, biochemistry, and other features. The average volume of a bacterial cell is 1 cubic micron. In the identification of bacteria and fungi much weight is placed on how the organism grows in or on media. Retardation, by a fraction of a wavelength, of the rays of light that pass through. To use and relate the gram stain to the study of bacterial cell morphology, and as an important step in the identification of a bacterial species. Some bacteria can cause diseases for human, animals and plants. The morphology of colonies on appropriate agar medium. Bacterial morphology deals with size, shape, and arrangement of bacterial cells. It was observed that the amount of solid medium in the plate had.
Bacteria are microscopic organisms that are less than 3 micrometeres. These schemes utilize the bacterial morphology and staining properties of the organism, as well as o2 growth requirements of the species combined with a variety. Choose from 500 different sets of quiz microbiology bacterial morphology flashcards on quizlet. Introduction observations of bacteria with conventional bright field microscopy yield relatively little useful information. Bacteria under the microscope morphology, discussion. Introduction bacteria are characterized by the presence or absence of a number of different structures. Discussion of morphology results the oolong and white teas each grew different types of bacteria. The protoplast is bounded peripherally has a very thin, elastic and semipermeable. In this exercise, both grampositive and gramnegative rods and cocci of commonly encountered bacterial species will be stained. Nov 04, 2015 a single clone of bacteria multiplying in the presence of nutrients to form a visible growth on the solid medium is called a bacterial colony. Microbiology module morphology and classification of bacteria microbiology 2 notes zmost bacteria possess peptidoglycan, a unique polymer that makes its synthesis a good target for antibiotics zprotein synthesis takes place in the cytosol with structurally different ribosomes fig. Spirochetes e spherical shaped bacteria sometime show characteristic cellular arrangement or grouping. They are larger than other bacteria, and morphologies in the group have remained much the same for billions of years. General microbiology morphology of bacterial cell, staining procedures for bacteria, culture media for bacteria, cultivation and isolation techniques for bacteria, preparation of pure cultures.
Apr 28, 2019 in the identification of bacteria and fungi much weight is placed on how the organism grows in or on media. Morphology of bacterial cells microbiology pictures. Lipid a is identical for related bacteria is similar for all gramnegative enterobacteriaceae. Simple biochemical characteristics such as the ability to ferment a given carbohydrate.
Indeed, bacteria are classified on the basis of many characteristics. These bacteria may be spherical,cylindrical or spiral in shape. Lets see morphology and structure of viruses in detail. Bacteria and archaea are classified by direct examination with the light microscope according to their morphology and arrangement the basic morphologies are spheres coccus and roundended cylinders bacillus.
I remember getting sick as a kid and having to sit in the doctors office. While they are very small, they are diverse and vary in shape and size. Gram staining is a method of staining bacteria involving crystal violet dye, iodine, and the counterstain safranin. The shape of a fish can tell how the fish moves through the water. This means that they are singlecelled organisms without a nucleus membrane nuclear envelope. These are abnormal forms derived from bacteria of abnormal morphology cocci, bacilli, vibrio due to variation in the laboratory. Shape affects critical biological functions, including nutrient acquisition, motility, dispersion, stress resistance and interactions with other organisms. Because of its minute size, a virus must be studied with the electron microscope. Morphological studies undertaken with the electron microscope have established that the bacterial nucleus appears. You will continue to use the gram stain in the study and identification of other species throughout the course.
It is impossible to obtain a clear understanding of the nature of organisms without determining clear and definitely defined morphological units and without precise. It can be found in soil, air, water, and living bodies. But there may be others such as helically twisted cylinders spirochetes, cylinders curved in one plane selenomonads and unusual morphologies such as the square, flat boxshaped. Colonies that differ in appearance are typically different bacterial strains, species, or genera. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. After what seemed like an hour, the doctor would look at me for two minutes, swab the back of my. Morphological characteristics of bacteria protocols for endospore stain, capsule stain, motility stab and wet mount. Bacteria are very small unicellular microorganisms ubiquitous in nature. Bacteria bear a slight negative charge bind positively charged dyes basic stains. Elements of comparative morphology of bacteria natura non facit saltus. A single clone of bacteria multiplying in the presence of nutrients to form a visible growth on the solid medium is called a bacterial colony. Slides are sequentially stained with crystal violet, iodine, then destained with alcohol and counterstained with safranin. Specific shapes are the consequence of adaptive pressures optimizing bacterial fitness. Like other bacteria, cyanobacteria have no nucleus or internal membrane systems.
Though we found this to be true for our 2 plates that grew bacteria, we dont know if it would be true in a larger study. Bacterial classification, structure and function introduction the purpose of this lecture is to introduce you to terminology used in microbiology. Although one might not necessarily see the importance of colonial morphology at first, it really can be. The speciesspecific shape of the pg sacculus at any. Morphology and structure of viruses general microscience. Great knowledge and experience on microbiology are required for accurate bacteria identification. Gram positive bacteria stain bluepurple and gram negative bacteria stain red. However, colony morphology is not a reliable way to identify bacteria, as many different types of bacteria have similar colony morphology. Bacterial classification, structure and function columbia university. The virus is much simpler than the bacterial cell, consisting of a core of nucleic acideither deoxyribonucleic acid dna or ribonucleic acid rnaenclosed in a protective membrane of protein called the capsid. Bacteria are almost colorless and therefore show little contrast with the medium in which they are suspended.
1486 20 270 1482 150 329 1258 28 1651 170 529 637 676 150 836 1363 224 816 117 629 1500 694 1346 651 627 336 1297 379 633 1059 405 843 592 864 521 1380 1145